There is no general obligation to monitor and filter.

Instead, it is effectively matching uploaded content with a database of works notified/entered by rightsholders. The Value Gap concerns targeted matching, which has been approved by the CJEU [ref L’Oreal and Others (C-324/09)].

The technological obligation would only amount to the checking of future uploads using a database of specific content (digital fingerprints) identified by rightsholders and would not involve the processing of personal data.